China defines the green and low-carbon development route of automobile industry.

Xinhua News Agency, Haikou, December 9th Title: China defines the green and low-carbon development route of automobile industry.

Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Cunfu, Xia Tian

In the first three quarters of 2023, the global sales of new energy vehicles reached 9.746 million, of which the sales in China reached 6.278 million, accounting for 29.8% of the sales of new cars in China; By the end of the third quarter of 2023, the global cumulative sales volume of new energy vehicles was about 37.7 million, with China accounting for about 60%. This information was released at the 2023 World New Energy Vehicle Congress held in Haikou, Hainan from 7 to 9.

"In 2023, the production and sales volume was close to 10 million, which fostered the formation of the world’s largest new energy vehicle consumption market and built an efficient and coordinated industrial system." Xin Guobin, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that new energy vehicles integrate artificial intelligence, the Internet, big data and other revolutionary technologies, and the industrial chain and value chain continue to expand into the fields of transportation, energy, information and communication, and the industrial ecology is being completely reshaped.

On December 7, in the exhibition area of the 2023 World New Energy Automobile Conference, the MG Cyberster model of the MG convertible electric sports car under SAIC was displayed. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xia Tianzhe

Regarding the future development potential of China’s automobile industry, Li Jun, honorary chairman of China Automotive Engineering Society and academician of China Academy of Engineering, believes that there is still room for growth of about 200 million cars in China, and it is estimated that the number of cars will reach saturation around 2055, with a total of more than 500 million cars.

Participants believed that with the continuous improvement and iteration of key core technologies such as power batteries, fuel cells and electric drive systems, the pace of electrification transformation of automobile products continued to accelerate, and new energy vehicles were increasingly able to meet the needs of consumers.

In his keynote speech, Wan Gang, Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology and Chairman of the World New Energy Vehicle Congress, said that the global new energy vehicle market is growing rapidly under the trend of electrification, intelligence and low carbon. It is necessary to promote the development of pure electric vehicles, plug-in/extended-range hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles as a whole, continuously strengthen the coordinated breakthrough of key technologies, and accelerate the application of typical scenarios and the construction of new infrastructure for the integrated development of vehicles, energy and Lu Yun.

Chen Jiachang, Vice Minister of Science and Technology, said that China automobile industry adheres to the overall R&D layout of "three verticals and three horizontals" and has embarked on a successful road of leading the development of new energy vehicles with scientific and technological innovation. The next step will be to comprehensively strengthen the frontier basic research and common key technology research of new energy vehicles, continue to deepen international scientific and technological cooperation, and constantly consolidate the future-oriented development foundation of the new energy vehicle industry.

Among them, green and low carbon is an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the global automobile industry, and it is also an important connotation for China automobile industry to implement the goal of "double carbon" and achieve high-quality development.

In order to accelerate the green and low-carbon development of automobile industry in China, Roadmap 1.0 for Green and Low-carbon Development of Automobile Industry, which was jointly compiled by various departments, defined the accounting boundary of carbon emission of automobile industry in China for the first time at the industry level, and put forward the vision, goal, realization path and safeguard measures for green and low-carbon development of automobile industry.

According to the road map, the vision goal of green and low-carbon development of the automobile industry is becoming more and more clear: the automobile industry strives to reach the peak of carbon emissions by 2030, and then through continuous efforts, it will support the national carbon neutrality goal to be achieved as scheduled.

In order to achieve the above goals, the roadmap puts forward the realization path: focusing on reducing carbon emissions from automobile operation, and helping low-carbon transportation and energy system construction with low-carbon products; At the same time, promote the industrial competitiveness with the green coordinated development of the whole industrial chain, and promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development with new ecological construction.

In order to support the green and low-carbon development of the automobile industry, the roadmap also puts forward 15 safeguard measures and suggestions in five aspects: promoting the transformation of green and low-carbon management, supporting green and low-carbon technological innovation, promoting the development of green and low-carbon vehicles, building a green and low-carbon manufacturing system, and co-ordinating and building a green and low-carbon collaborative system.

On December 7, 2023, in the exhibition area of the World New Energy Automobile Conference, Weilai es6, et5 and other models were unveiled. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xia Tianzhe

On the 8th, the "Consensus of the 2023 World New Energy Vehicle Conference" was released at the main forum of "Accelerating the Reconstruction of the New Ecology of the Automobile Industry", which further clarified the direction for accelerating the all-round market-oriented development of new energy vehicles, promoting the new ecological reconstruction of the automobile industry and deepening the open cooperation of the global automobile industry. All parties are confident that the global market share of new energy vehicles will reach more than 50% in 2035, and will continue to promote multi-energy power technologies such as high-efficiency and high-safety power batteries, high-efficiency internal combustion engines and carbon-neutral fuels, and wide-temperature fuel cells.

Eleven new cars that can be bought in December

December has come, which means that the year is approaching, and the auto market will also usher in a wave of car buying climax. So let’s see, what new cars are worth buying in December?

Xingrui L (13.17 ~ 152.7 thousand)

Xingrui is more familiar than everyone else, and the performance of the whole product is still remarkable. It’s not that its brother Xingrui L is about to appear in front of everyone as a new energy source.

On the basis of car design, this car combines modern design and is more avant-garde. The hybrid energy type of oil and electricity can be oil and electricity, which not only saves fuel but also is quite full of power. The performance of power is not bad, the three-speed dual-motor drive, with an acceleration of about 7 seconds, is still quite powerful.

And the price is 131,700, which is good for daily use.

Song l (220000 ~ 280000)

BYD has made great achievements in the field of new energy, and the newly launched Song L attracts the attention of consumers with its excellent appearance and excellent product coefficient.

Compared with other models of BYD, this car has a stronger sense of high-class, a good sense of lines, and a good sense of low-lying, which leads to a sense of movement. This car has a maximum of 517 horsepower and 380Kw power, and the fastest acceleration is 4.3 seconds.

Of course, it has a good sportiness, and its household attributes have not fallen at the same time. The wheelbase of 2930mm makes the space more than enough for home use, and with a large area of soft packages, it is warm and comfortable, and the ride is quite good.

Chery icar03 (14.00 ~ 190,000 yuan)

From its appearance, this car knows that it focuses on a differentiated, square appearance, a horizontal and vertical shape with a good light off-road style, and a sharp cutting light group is like the finishing touch, and the sense of advanced is self-evident.

The large-screen crystal-cut knob suspended on the interior shifts gears, giving the interior a good luxury style. I believe this car will be well received in the young people’s market.

This car is equipped with a solar charging system in addition to the lithium iron phosphate battery in Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, and its endurance will be more eye-catching.

Red flag hs3 (1458 ~ 195800)

The success of Hongqi HS5 is obvious to all, and its brother, Hongqi HS3, a compact SUV, has also been listed soon this year.

Although the size of the car body is smaller than that of HS5, its wheelbase of 2770mm can still ensure that the interior space will have a good performance. At the same time, the design of interior contrast color is still slightly advanced.

The appearance also continues the domineering spirit of the Red Flag HS5. The atmospheric net, fancy wheels and penetrating taillights complement each other.

Recently, there are more than 10 thousand discounts on the terminal, and the price/performance ratio is good.

Elantra n (249.8 ~ 263.8 thousand)

If you want a car with strong sports attributes, then this car can be worth seeing.

The flat and low-lying body is full of impact. Many details of the blackening treatment make the fighting sense of the whole vehicle full. The interior is decorated with a large area of suede, and the red button of NGS can increase the horsepower by 10 horses. The classic racing-like handbrake mode makes the racing style come out when you get into the car.

2.0T engine, 276 horsepower, 392N.m peak torque, zero hundred acceleration for more than 5 seconds, it is somewhat reluctant to describe it with a small steel gun.

Mg Cyberster (319,800 ~ 359,800)

If there has always been a dream of super-running in my dream, then this sports car released by MG in November can be regarded as a sports car worth starting in the price range of 300,000.

The design of the whole car is still avant-garde and even has some bold, downward-pressed front, a strong sense of design hood rib line, a sense of strength and sportiness.

The interior is also very popular with young people. The three embracing screens have a sense of science and technology that is not outdated at all. The use of a large number of suede and the advanced interior color matching make the luxury wind drift freely. Of course, the most popular thing is his liftable roof, and the tonality is not lost to any other big name.

Of course, strong power is an essential part of this car. The maximum motor horsepower is 544, the power is 400Kw, and the acceleration is 3.2 seconds.

Era ES (24.80 ~ 358,000)

As Chery’s brand focusing on the mid-to-high-end market, Xingtu brand has been placed high hopes, which has not only made achievements in the domestic market, but also flourished abroad.

This car is expected to be launched in December. Although it is a medium-sized and large car, its overall line structure is quite good. The whole big slip back is even worse than A7. The lighting group that runs through the front and back creates a sense of high-level overall light language.

Of course, its endurance is its absolute advantage as a medium and large pure tram, with a maximum endurance of 905Km, and many extended-range models are equivalent to it. And it also supports high-voltage fast charging, which is quite convenient to use.

Tesla Model 3 (26.14 ~ 297,400)

Yet we called and urged a thousand times before she started toward us, the new Tesla Model 3 was officially launched in September this year.

Compared with the old model, there have been subtle changes in many places, but it is the accumulation of these subtle changes that make the whole new model different.

The sharpness of the flat front of the car has increased a lot, and it is a vigorous momentum. The drag coefficient is 0.22CD, which has a good improvement effect on its acceleration and endurance.

Especially the battery life, the rear drive version has been upgraded to 606km, and the four-wheel drive version has been upgraded to 713km. This data is still worthy of recognition.

In addition, in terms of interior decoration, the surrounding ambience lights, independent screens in the back row, and fur-turned material decoration have improved the overall ambience.

Feifan F7 (189,900 ~ 309,900)

The performance of Feifan F7 since its listing is still relatively ideal at least for the moment. As a new car just launched in March this year, it is still good to keep its monthly sales at around 2,000.

However, it is not difficult to find that in the field of medium and large cars, the price of Feifan is still very competitive, the entry price is around 190,000 yuan, but it brings you a wheelbase of 3000mm, a five-year warranty of 120,000 kilometers, 6.7 seconds of zero acceleration, 11 radars, intelligent assisted driving of RISING PILOT, 8155 Qualcomm Snapdragon chip, OTA upgrade and other advanced configurations, and the price-performance ratio is still very good.

It is worth mentioning that this car owner is still playing a comfort. The main and co-pilots can support multiple electric adjustments, and the second row can also support angle adjustment, which is very friendly to the passengers. The experience of 16 speakers and headrest audio is still difficult to see in other models.

Gaohe hiphi y (33.90 ~ 459,000)

I think everyone knows the style of Gaohe. The design is bold, avant-garde, and the mecha style is rich. The key point is that the price is not cheap.

HiPHi Y is a new product of Gaohe, and it is also the cheapest one among all its models, but it feels that its design can fit the aesthetics of the public. This car is relatively dignified, but the digital light group in front still shows its good sense of technology and advanced sense. That pair of small flying wings also shows the essence of high cooperation, and the sense of advanced must be grasped in place. The interior is still relatively young. The three big screens are the main characters of the whole, and they are equipped with NVIDIA Orion-X chips. The overall exquisiteness is also reflected in the subtle design, such as the multi-function steering wheel designed by game buttons, metal chrome-plated exquisite decoration and so on.

Hechuang V 09 (318,800 ~ 438,800)

Now the market of MPV is extremely hot, which I believe is obvious to all, and various car companies have invested in this field.

The MPV of Hechuang V09 is still worth seeing. It has a visual sense of Erffa in appearance, but it has many trendy elements and looks younger. The unique front face is unconventional, and the recognition is still outstanding in MPV.

The center console is surrounded in the interior, and three large screens are also the mainstream design now. Fortunately, the decoration of the wooden plaque gives the whole a good and elegant feeling. The wheelbase of 3170mm and the design of 7 seats are also the utilization rate of golden space.

Zhihu 34,000 likes: How terrible can it be to have culture?

Today is the first day for intensive reading to accompany you to grow up for life.2947sky

01

There is a topic of concern to more than 2.6 million people in Zhihu:How terrible can literacy be?

Answer @artemis ma told a story, which won 34,000 praises:

After retirement, an old professor and his wife signed up for a sunset tour group to travel, but they were dragged into a shopping store dedicated to the elderly by the tour guide, and there was a tendency not to buy or give it out.

The old professor had to wander around until he came to a camera counter.

At first glance, the little sister at the counter was another gullible old man, so she was ready to start fooling.

That would be around 2000, before the popularity of digital cameras, and it was still fresh for many young people, let alone for the elderly.

Little sister at the counter: "You haven’t seen a digital camera, have you?"

Professor: "Yes."

Little sister at the counter: "My photos are clearer than those you have seen ~"

Professor: "Is this cmos or ccd?"

Little sister said with a puzzled expression, "I don’t understand what C is. It’s right to shoot it more clearly than those. Don’t compare it blindly if you don’t buy it."

The old professor laughed and left.

In fact, the old professor didn’t mean to make things difficult. He just heard that the photo effect was very clear and wanted to know the details. I didn’t expect the unprofessional counter girl to ask questions.

For this little sister at the counter, a literate person is terrible.

However, a truly literate person is more than just knowing more knowledge.

Their vision, pattern and way of thinking all determine that they are destined to live a different life from others.

Some time ago, I saw a news that a small county in Hefei had cracked a health care product fraud case, and more than 10 thousand elderly people were deceived.

None of the more than 10,000 elderly people reported the case. Even when the police come to collect evidence, the old man is unwilling to admit that he has been cheated …

Why are some old people cheated without knowing it? In fact, it is a question of thinking mode.

They always feel that their children are busy with work, even people are not at home, and they are neglected to take care of themselves. It is not as good as these sales representatives who sell health care products, not only eager to chat, but also can be on call.

In their view, these kind sales representatives are the people who really care about themselves. They sell things to themselves and really want to be healthy.

But in fact, people with a little cost thinking can see through the scam at a glance.

02

How do educated people see through fraud through cost thinking?

First of all, they know that those sales representatives have to support their families themselves, and it is costly to spend so much time chatting with, helping and even taking care of the elderly every month.

Just look at how much it costs to find a nanny, and you will know how much money each of them must earn from the elderly every month.

Secondly, sales representatives can’t sell a copy by knocking on a door, so the cost of those failed sales promotion should be counted on these old people. They are kind to the elderly, in fact, they are staring at the little money in the old man’s pocket.

Finally, talk about the difference between taking medicine and taking health care products.

If you see a doctor in a hospital, not to mention that doctors are somewhat bound by medical ethics, they should seriously treat patients and save lives for their own promotion. Even the current medical troubles make them very careful when they see a doctor.

Because of the high cost of their mistakes, they are more trustworthy.

What’s wrong with eating health care products? Those sales representatives have no place to find them when they run away. In other words, the cost of their mistakes is very low.

With such a thought, we can know why many seemingly unreasonable things have happened.

I once saw someone ask on the Zhihu:At what moment did you suddenly find reading really useful?

The pigeon who asked for food said that once he went to eat, because it was early and he was the only customer, the boss casually asked, "Is Qin Shihuang the worst emperor?"

The answer to the Lord said very seriously: "Qin Shihuang has made outstanding achievements, implementing three public offices and nine ministries and managing state affairs." The enfeoffment system was abolished locally and replaced by the county system. At the same time, the books were written in the same language, and the cars were on the same track. unified measurement. Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, building the Great Wall of Wan Li, building Lingqu, and communicating the water system.

It also pushed China into the era of great unification and created a new situation for the establishment of authoritarian centralization of authority. It has a far-reaching impact on China and the history of the world, laying the basic pattern of China’s political system for more than 2,000 years. He was praised by Li Zhi, a thinker of the Ming Dynasty as’ an emperor through the ages’ … "

The boss said "Oh".

After dinner, the boss resolutely refused to accept money and gave away half a catty of beef.

I think this must be only a small part of the benefits that the Lord has gained from reading. The real use of reading is obviously more than this little kindness.

In September this year, Hubei Daily official micro-announced that Jiang Kui, a 2019 doctor majoring in computer science and technology from the School of Computer Science of Wuhan University, was selected into Huawei’s "Genius Teenager" program with an annual salary of 2.01 million.

Jiang Kui, born in 1994, is still a teenager under 27 years old.

At the same time, he not only received an invitation from Huawei, but also the competition between Ali and Tencent.

In the end, he chose Huawei because he preferred Huawei’s corporate culture.

People who are capable get high returns from society and the market.

03

In recent years, many celebrity training courses have been opened in first-tier cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, including gender relations, tea tasting, flower arrangement, etiquette, equestrian, wine tasting and so on.

These training courses are under the names of "First Lady" and "Queen of Gas Field", and they enroll students for the society.

Enrollment targets are mainly entrepreneurs or entrepreneurs’ wives.

Most of these wives have no worries about food and clothing and live a leisurely life. In order to look more elegant, they are willing to spend a lot of money. ?

The same training classes, and for children.

The training class abruptly created a "Celebrity Life Guide", claiming that it can make children "from women to goddesses, from ordinary to extraordinary."

Therefore, they teach their children how to dress, how to drink afternoon tea, how to socialize at dances, how to eat western food, etc., just to make these children behave like noble ladies as much as possible.

And the real noble lady, where is such a superficial packaging?

Their own elegance and connotation come from years of accumulation.

For example, Zhang Yuanhe, Zhang Yunhe, Zhang Zhaohe and Zhang Chonghe, the four sisters of the Zhang family in Hefei, studied China’s traditional poems and essays since childhood, and their father invited famous Kunqu teachers to teach them Kunqu opera.

Sometimes when the four sisters are happy, they will have a competition on the same stage. ?

It is said that there was always a euphemistic and beautiful Kunqu opera from the Zhang family at that time, with a lingering sound that was extremely beautiful.

A real celebrity is not amazing in appearance or noble in birth, but elegant and generous in both internal and external cultivation.

Only those with cultural background can be called celebrities, and those with empty skins can only be social flowers.

A literate person, even if he is ugly and humble, naturally exudes unique charm.

The culture I understand is not only a vast amount of knowledge, but a spiritual temperament composed of experience, vision, common sense and way of thinking.

Of course, in this process, the amount of knowledge is the foundation. At least you have to read some books and try to understand the knowledge in several fields.

As the saying goes:

When we were children, we ate a lot of food, but now we can’t remember what we ate.

But what is certain is that some of them have grown into our bones and flesh.

By the same token, a book that a person has read carefully has already melted into his soul and precipitated into wisdom and emotion. As long as it is touched, it will burst out.

04

2 pieces of advice to make you a literate person:

① Read more classics..

Classics are books that are still worth reading at present and in the future after being screened and eliminated by time.

Classic works generally have two characteristics:

First, it can stand the test of the strictest filter of time, which is the essence and core index..

A man knows his companion in a long journey and a little inn. Anything that has been experienced for a long time and its value has not been consumed has the conditions to become a classic.

Second, it has high originality, uniqueness, foundation and cognitive depth..

Therefore, even if the time and space change dramatically, we can revisit it again and again anyway, and each reading can inspire us. The text itself, explaining the point of view, the two interact endlessly, just like life is endless.

People have limited time in their lives and can’t read many books. The average person’s reading volume is in the order of thousands.

We can read for leisure, but we have to arrange enough time to read for improving our cognitive ability.

The reason is that with high-quality input, it is possible to have high-quality output and accelerate growth.

Therefore, classics must be included in your reading list.

② Be a lifelong learner..

I don’t know if you have this feeling. After a long period of training in society, you gradually realize the truth: the more you read when you are young, the more people you have experienced, and the wider your horizons and the bigger your pattern when you grow up.

He can think deeper about the same topic than you, and he can quickly find the key to the same problem. Wang Guowei called this realm of wisdom the third realm of university questioners.

To achieve such a state, we must devote ourselves to becoming a lifelong learner.

Learn a little every day and make a little progress every day. With the accumulation of time, you can gradually see your own changes and open the gap with others.

The history that should not be forgotten should be seen by all Chinese people, and the alarm bell will ring long before we can work hard.

History is a mirror, so it is wise to learn from the past and know the present. Attaching importance to history and learning from it is a fine tradition in the history of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years. Opening the history of China, there have been countless glories and some humiliations. The glories make Chinese people proud, while the humiliations inspire people to forge ahead.

The glorious history makes Chinese people excited, and the humiliating history makes us feel heavy. Most of the time, we are in the former mood when visiting museums, but we are in the latter mood when visiting the China Sino-Japanese War Museum on the Liu Gongdao in Weihai.

China Sino-Japanese War Museum is located on the Liu Gongdao in Weihai, Shandong Province. It is a national first-class museum and a memorial museum with the theme of Beiyang Navy and Sino-Japanese War. It is also the most complete preserved, the largest number of existing and the largest group of cultural relics in modern coastal defense facilities in China.

A large number of precious cultural relics are displayed in the museum, including two giant naval guns emerging from the seabed, each weighing more than 20 tons, which are the only ones left in the world. Through cultural relics, pictures, wax figures, sand tables, models and other exhibition forms and film and television means, it vividly reproduces the historical features of the Beiyang Navy and the Sino-Japanese War.

When you enter the museum, the first thing you see is a warship model, which was once called the "Dingyuan" ship model of Asia’s largest ship. Dingyuan was the flagship of the Beiyang Navy of the Qing government in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. At that time, it was the world’s most advanced first-class armored warship imported from Germany.

According to the on-site staff, in the early morning of February 5th, 1895, the ship Dingyuan was attacked by a Japanese navy torpedo boat in the defending battle of Weihai. Ding Ruchang ordered the ship to run aground to the south of Liu Gongdao before it sank, and used the naval guns on board to strengthen the defense force of the East Exit. Ding Ruchang was forced to withdraw from Dingyuan and transfer to Zhenyuan. On the afternoon of 10th, Ding Ruchang and Liu Buchan ordered to blow up the stranded Dingyuan ship with water mines.

Japan’s war of aggression against China was premeditated. The museum showed some letters of Japanese officers at that time. They used the Korean Peninsula as a springboard and base to invade China. When the Qing army sent troops to support North Korea, it suffered a heavy defeat in Pyongyang, which led to the fall of the Korean Peninsula.

On November 6, 1894, when the Japanese army invaded Jinzhou City, 10 women and children from the Qu family in the west street of the city resolutely threw themselves into the well to avoid being humiliated by the Japanese army. In February, 1896, Wang Zhixiu, a fellow coastal defense expert in Jinzhou Hall, heard about it and wrote "Ode to Qushi Well" to record his deeds. The museum fixed the picture at that time in the form of pictures and wax figures.

On November 21st, 1894, the Japanese invaders captured Lushun, located in Liaodong Peninsula, and massacred the city for four days and three nights, known as Lushun Massacre. It is said that only 36 people in charge of burying bodies (after investigation, more than 800 survivors) survived the massacre, and the number of victims was estimated to be between 20,000 and 20,000. The museum recorded the inhumanity of the Japanese invaders with pictures and documents.

The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was a great pain, which humiliated the country and the people. With the theme of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the museum exhibited more than 650 precious historical pictures of the Sino-Japanese War, copied a large number of weapons and equipment during the Sino-Japanese War, and restored and reproduced a number of surreal figures, such as "the scene of Qu’s family throwing wells in Jinzhou" and "the scene of Li Hongzhang’s negotiation in Shimonoseki", which was the first in China.

After the failure of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Qing government decided to make peace with Japan and sent Li Hongzhang as an ambassador for peace talks to Shimonoseki, Japan. In a hotel in Maguan, Japanese Prime Minister Hirofumi Ito led the Japanese side to compete with Li Hongzhang. After this negotiation, the Qing Dynasty was forced to compensate Japan for 200 million taels of military expenditure (equivalent to six years’ national treasury revenue of Japan). After Japan got the money, its strength immediately rose to a higher level, and it became one of the world’s great powers, thus starting the evil road of militaristic aggression.

This is Wen Yiduo’s "Song of Seven Sons. ahava": Let me guard the oldest sea in China, and the hills of the original saints are here. Mother, don’t forget that I am an expert in preventing the sea. I have a Liu Gongdao as my shield. Come back quickly, the time has come. The remains of saints are buried behind me! Mother! I want to come back, mother!

At the end of the museum, there is a huge "History is here to think" written on the wall, and in the center of the hall is a bronze clock engraved with the words "The alarm bells will ring, and we will strengthen our coastal defense …". The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 made the Chinese nation face life and death, and it also completely awakened the Chinese nation! The Qing government died quickly because of this war. In the process of reform and anti-aggression, the Chinese nation seized the opportunity of life and ushered in a new dawn!

The waves of the Yellow Sea seem to be silently telling the sad song of the Sino-Japanese War. Visiting this unique museum of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, our mood is very complicated, even hard to hide our grief. At the same time, it is not difficult for us to see the unyielding character of the soldiers of the Beiyang Navy who fought bravely against the enemy. We should remember this history, and we will be beaten if we fall behind, and the pace of striving for strength will become more and more firm.

Female contraceptive methods and its harm

There are many contraceptive methods for women, and there are many choices, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Here are some for reference.

Among the birth control measures, intrauterine device (IUD) has the characteristics of reversibility, safety, small adverse reactions and simple operation, and is widely used in women of childbearing age.

For women with IUD, the side effects and complications are bleeding, pain, infection, IUD falling off and incarceration. Because the occurrence of these complications can cause great trauma to women’s physical and mental health, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive analysis of these complications in clinic and formulate corresponding solutions according to the analysis results. (1) Pain and bleeding. After placing the IUD, due to the action of prostaglandin, the uterine muscles contract strongly, which leads to endometrial damage, bleeding and pain. Usually, within 10 days after placing the IUD, most women will have bleeding and pain, but the degree is mild and tolerable, and with the increase of placing time, this discomfort will gradually reduce and disappear. But if the pain is severe or lasts for a long time, it indicates that there is a problem. If the pain lasts for a long time, it is usually caused by the improper size or downward movement of the IUD. It is necessary to take out the IUD and give symptomatic treatment to the patient. After the condition improves, choose a suitable IUD. The late pain mostly occurs one month after operation, and the main causes are deformation and infection of IUD, so it is advisable to resist infection and replace appropriate IUD according to the actual situation of patients. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of pain, clinicians need to improve their operation level of placing intrauterine devices, and choose the most suitable IUD for women and children according to their physical conditions, especially paying attention to gentle movements. Bleeding occurs in three forms: irregular vaginal bleeding, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative bleeding. If it is irregular vaginal bleeding, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the actual situation of the patient before operation. Moreover, the operator should also master the methods and skills of placing intrauterine devices, and reasonably choose anti-fibrinolytic drugs and prostaglandins according to the actual situation of the patient. If necessary, the intrauterine device can be taken out. For patients with a small amount of bleeding, it is necessary to stop bleeding, but if the amount of bleeding is large, the operation should be stopped and symptomatic treatment should be given according to the specific situation of the patient.

(2) Uterine perforation, ectopic and incarcerated IUD. The occurrence of uterine perforation during surgery is generally due to excessive flexion or retroflexion of the uterus; The lactation uterus is smaller and softer; Cesarean scar uterus, etc. If it is a probe perforation, if the condition permits, uterine contractions can be used to promote the contraction of the patient’s uterus and give anti-infection treatment to promote the healing of the perforation, and closely observe the basic vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse and respiration of the patient; If the IUD is perforated, it needs to be taken out by laparoscopy and repaired. Incarceration is mostly caused by choosing a large IUD or damaging the uterine wall when it is placed, or not taking it out in time after menopause. The IUD is placed outside the uterus, or the IUD presses the uterine wall, which causes local tissues to sink, thus causing the IUD to be embedded in the muscle wall or moved out of the uterus. If the IUD is incarcerated, the IUD should be taken out immediately. If the symptoms of incarceration appear under the endometrium, it is necessary to scrape the endometrium first, and then take out the IUD in a standardized way. If incarceration occurs at the myometrium, the IUD should be removed by laparoscopy.

(3) The IUD falls off and moves down. Generally, it is due to the operator’s lack of skill, not putting it into the uterine bottom, or the improper size of the selected IUD, or the relaxation of the internal cervix, as well as the patient’s individual factors, which requires that attention should be paid not only to the depth of the uterine cavity, but also to the width. If the uterine cavity is wide, consider choosing a larger size, and if the uterine cavity is narrow, choose a smaller size.

(4) infection. Infection is generally caused by inflammation of reproductive organs or lax aseptic operation, or disrespect for doctor’s advice after operation. For those infected after operation, anti-infection treatment should be given immediately. If the infection symptoms are serious, it is necessary to take anti-infection and take out the intrauterine device. In order to effectively reduce the incidence of infection, it is necessary to fully understand the basic situation of patients before operation, eliminate the inflammatory reaction of reproductive organs, and treat women with inflammation symptomatically, and only after the inflammation is effectively controlled can they be treated with intrauterine devices. Strictly follow the principle of aseptic operation, do not let the contraceptive device touch the vaginal wall and voyeurism during the operation, and fully disinfect the operating room and instruments. Tell the patient the relevant precautions after operation and return to the clinic on time.

(5) IUD pregnancy. If there is an error in judging the size of a woman’s uterus before operation, it will affect the choice of IUD model, and then increase the risk of female pregnancy with IUD. In addition, ectopic and falling-off IUD can also cause IUD pregnancy. Because pregnancy with IUD is prone to abortion, bleeding, injury, etc., patients need to receive termination treatment immediately after diagnosis, and the IUD should be taken out as required. In order to reduce the incidence of pregnancy with IUD, clinicians need to choose the most suitable IUD according to the size of women’s uterus, and it is forbidden to choose an IUD that is too small. At the same time, women should return to the clinic on time after placing the IUD to find out whether the IUD is ectopic, deformed or falls off. For patients with any of the above conditions, effective measures should be taken to intervene in time to avoid unintended pregnancy.

In a word, after placing intrauterine devices, women can be affected by many factors and have side effects and complications, which has caused great trauma to their physical and mental health. Therefore, through continuous study and practice, the operator needs to improve his professional ethics and operational ability, master the skills of placing IUD skillfully, comprehensively check the physical condition of the patient before operation, strictly grasp the indications and contraindications, strictly follow the principle of aseptic operation, find out the position of the uterus, and choose the appropriate type and model of IUD, so as to reduce the risk of side effects and complications of women after placing IUD.

Female birth control, that is, complications of tubal ligation, intestinal injury and bladder injury during operation, is that the patient is nervous and poorly coordinated during operation, and the bladder is not emptied according to the regulations before operation, resulting in bladder filling and moving up, leading to injury during operation, or the incision during operation is too low, and the vascular clamp is biased towards the pelvic cavity, resulting in bladder injury. Postoperative complications, such as incision bleeding and hematoma, may appear and be found within a few hours after operation. The reasons may be that the blood points were not ligated during operation, or the vasoconstrictor used in anesthesia subsided after operation, which made the blood vessels open and bleed. Analysis of infection in pelvic cavity and suppuration of incision infection may be due to the lack of strict aseptic operation during the operation, the failure to deal with the congestion in time when sewing the incision, and the possibility that the patient does not pay attention to rest and personal hygiene after the operation, which may lead to incision infection. Postoperative menstrual disorder and lumbago and abdominal pain may have a great relationship with the psychology of the patient. Temporary menstrual disorder or lumbago and abdominal pain after operation can gradually recover naturally and can be treated if necessary.

Contraceptive pills taken by women are all toxic, and their mechanism and side effects will be discussed next time.

The use of condoms, in addition to a very small number of women allergic to it can not be used, the experience is almost poor, in fact, is a healthier choice.

[1] Jiang Xiukui. On female ligation and prevention of complications [J]. Chinese and Foreign Health Abstracts, 2014,(22):261-261.

[2] Sun Xuyan. Analysis of common complications and prevention of placing intrauterine devices [J]. Psychologist, 2018,24(11):35-36.

[3] Liu Wei. On the types and side effects of female contraceptives [J]. China Modern Drug Application, 2015,(7):246-247.